Stem Cells
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First published online July 19, 2007
Stem Cells Vol. 25 No. 11 November 2007, pp. 2695 -2704
doi:10.1634/stemcells.2007-0286; www.StemCells.com
© 2007 AlphaMed Press

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EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS

Pedigreed Primate Embryonic Stem Cells Express Homogeneous Familial Gene Profiles

Christopher S. Navaraa, Jocelyn D. Mich-Bassoa, Carrie J. Redingera, Ahmi Ben-Yehudaha, Ethan Jacobya, Elizabeta Kovkarova-Naumovskib, Meena Sukhwania, Kyle Orwiga, Naftali Kaminskib, Carlos A. Castroa, Calvin R. Simerlya, Gerald Schattena

aDivision of Developmental and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh Development Center, Magee-Womens Research Institute and Foundation, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania;
bUniversity of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Disease, Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Key Words. Embryonic stem cells • Pluripotency • Differentiation • Gene expression • Primates

Correspondence: Christopher S. Navara, Ph.D., 204 Craft Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA. Telephone: (412) 641-2430; Fax: (412) 641-2410; e-mail: cnavara{at}pdc.magee.edu

Received April 19, 2007; accepted for publication July 2, 2007.
First published online in STEM CELLS EXPRESS   July 19, 2007.



Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) hold great biomedical promise, but experiments comparing them produce heterogeneous results, raising concerns regarding their reliability and utility, although these variations may result from their disparate and anonymous origins. To determine whether primate ESCs have intrinsic biological limitations compared with mouse ESCs, we examined expression profiles and pluripotency of newly established nonhuman primate ESC (nhpESCs). Ten pedigreed nhpESC lines, seven full siblings (fraternal quadruplets and fraternal triplets), and nine half siblings were derived from 41 rhesus embryos; derivation success correlated with embryo quality. Each line has been growing continuously for ~1 year with stable diploid karyotype (except for one stable trisomy) and expresses in vitro pluripotency markers, and eight have already formed teratomas. Unlike the heterogeneous gene expression profiles found among hESCs, these nhpESCs display remarkably homogeneous profiles (>97%), with full-sibling lines nearly identical (>98.2%). Female nhpESCs express genes distinct from their brother lines; these sensitive analyses are enabled because of the very low background differences. Experimental comparisons among these primate ESCs may prove more reliable than currently available hESCs, since they are akin to inbred mouse strains in which genetic variables are also nearly eliminated. Finally, contrasting the biological similarities among these lines with the heterogeneous hESCs might suggest that additional, more uniform hESC lines are justified. Taken together, pedigreed primate ESCs display homogeneous and reliable expression profiles. These similarities to mouse ESCs suggest that heterogeneities found among hESCs likely result from their disparate origins rather than intrinsic biological limitations with primate embryonic stem cells.

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.




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F. Wianny, A. Bernat, C. Huissoud, G. Marcy, S. Markossian, V. Cortay, P. Giroud, V. Leviel, H. Kennedy, P. Savatier, et al.
Derivation and Cloning of a Novel Rhesus Embryonic Stem Cell Line Stably Expressing Tau-Green Fluorescent Protein
Stem Cells, June 1, 2008; 26(6): 1444 - 1453.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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